Incidence and Predictors of Diabetic Foot Ulcers in Ethiopian Diabetes Patients
Summary: This retrospective cohort study at Debre Berhan Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Ethiopia (2005–2021) tracked 321 newly diagnosed adult diabetes patients, finding a cumulative diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) incidence of 11.8% (1.01 per 100 person-years). Key predictors included older age (≥70 years, AHR=15.025), rural residence (AHR=2.731), hypertension (AHR=5.609), obesity (AHR=2.936), neuropathy (AHR=4.583), and abnormal HDL levels (AHR=3.713). Using Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis, the study underscores the need for early screening and education to prevent complications like amputations in resource-limited settings.
Key Highlights:
- Cumulative DFU incidence of 11.8%, with higher risks in older patients and those with neuropathy or hypertension.
- Rural residence doubles DFU risk due to limited access to foot care and education.
- Obesity and low HDL levels significantly elevate odds, linking metabolic factors to delayed wound healing.
- Study calls for integrated policies emphasizing screening and self-management to reduce amputation rates.
- Limitations include incomplete data and lack of behavioral factors, highlighting needs for prospective research.
Keywords:
diabetic foot ulcers,
DFU predictors,
diabetes complications,
rural wound care,
wound prevention